Incidence angle effect: results of an interlaboratory comparison of measurements on commercial-size modules
Abstract
The incidence angle effect causes a decrease in the photogenerated current of PV modules when they are subject to incidentirradiance at wide angles: Its relevance should be quantified for accurate energy yield purposes and has recently gained signif-icance due to the rising interest in novel integrated PV applications, where vertical or nonoptimal tilt are favored (e.g., in urbanstructures, in agrivoltaics, and vehicles). The international standard IEC 61853-2 presents both outdoor and indoor measure-ment methods: However, the indoor measurement method for commercial-size modules is often impractical due to irradianceuniformity limitations on the volume spanned by the tested module upon rotation in most of the solar simulators available onthe market. In recent years, new solutions have been proposed to overcome these limitations and allow wider adoption of thisstandard: However, method validations and interlaboratory comparisons have been conducted so far only on small-area samples,and a real validation on commercial-size modules is still missing. In this work, we aim at filling this gap, reporting the results ofan interlaboratory comparison conducted within the international project team that is currently working at the new edition ofIEC 61853-2. The results show a remarkable agreement between different measurement methods, thus validating more optionsfor the evaluation of this important effect
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