%0 Journal Article %T Electronic liquid crystal state in the high-temperature superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.45}$ %+ Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) (MPI-P) %+ Laboratoire Léon Brillouin (LLB - UMR 12) %+ Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) %+ Université de Fribourg = University of Fribourg (UNIFR) %A Hinkov, V. %A Haug, D. %A Fauqué, B. %A Bourges, P. %A Sidis, Yvan %A Ivanov, A. %A Bernhard, C. %A C.T., Lin %A Keimer, B. %< avec comité de lecture %@ 0036-8075 %J Science %I American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) %V 319 %N 5863 %P 597 %8 2008 %D 2008 %R 10.1126/science.1152309 %Z Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Journal articles %X Electronic phases with symmetry properties matching those of conventional liquid crystals have recently been discovered in transport experiments on semiconductor heterostructures and metal oxides at milli-Kelvin temperatures. We report the spontaneous onset of a onedimensional, incommensurate modulation of the spin system in the high-temperaturesuperconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.45}$ upon cooling below ~150 K, while static magnetic order is absent above 2 K. The evolution of this modulation with temperature and doping parallels that of the in-plane anisotropy of the resistivity, indicating an electronic nematic phase that is stable over a wide temperature range. The results suggest that soft spin fluctuations are amicroscopic route towards electronic liquid crystals, and nematic order can coexist with high-temperature superconductivity in underdoped cuprates. %G English %2 https://cea.hal.science/cea-00815717/document %2 https://cea.hal.science/cea-00815717/file/hink1.pdf %L cea-00815717 %U https://cea.hal.science/cea-00815717 %~ CEA %~ CNRS %~ IRAMIS-LLB %~ IRAMIS %~ GS-PHYSIQUE %~ TEST3-HALCNRS