In the field of critical and embedded systems in the automotive industry, where human life is at stake, manufacturers and suppliers must develop robust and reliable systems while being confronted with real time, cost and energy consumption constraints. The increasing complexity of electronic and electronic control units (ECU) in the context of the automotive industry has positioned dependability in the heart of the concerns of manufacturers. The ISO 26262 safety standard published in November 2011 in the automotive industry refers to fault injection during software integration and testing (part 6, chapter 10, requirement 10.4.3, table 13, method 1c). It is recommended for ASIL A and B, and highly recommended for ASIL C and D. The meaning is that for ASIL C and D a rational shall be provided if the injection tests are not performed. In this paper, we first introduce the context concerning the fault injection technics, the software architecture in automotive, and the virtualisation technics. A state of the art and a quick discussion concerning each topic is presented to justify the choice we made in our work. In a second part we describe our proposal to perform fault injection using emulation on an x86 standard platform. In a third part we describe fault injection using virtualization with respect to specific embedded platform characteristics. We conclude on pros and cons of our proposals, by specifying the technical issues that were treated in each phase of our experimentations. We then present some prospective views for future work .